However, the most recent levels are all within the range of historical variation. Shifts have occurred among several economically important fish and shellfish species. An official website of the United States government.U.S. People aged 65+ accounted for more heat-related hospitalizations than any other age group, and males were hospitalized for heat-related illnesses more than twice as often as females.Heating and cooling degree days measure the difference between outdoor temperatures and the temperatures that people find comfortable indoors. Across all sites, snowpack depth declined by an average of 23 percent over the last 50 years.Climate change poses many threats to the health and well-being of Americans. However, specific trends vary by region. Freeze dates have shifted later at a rate of roughly half a day to one-and-a-half days per decade, while thaw dates for most of the lakes studied have shifted earlier at a rate of half a day to two days per decade.Total snowfall—the amount of snow that falls in a particular location—has decreased in most parts of the country since widespread records began in 1930. Learn More < > Heat-Related Deaths. However, changes in observation methods over time make it difficult to know for sure whether a longer-term increase in storm activity has occurred.Changes in the frequency and magnitude of river flood events vary by region.
More frequent and intense extreme heat events can increase illnesses and deaths, especially among vulnerable populations, and damage some crops. The annual death rate is higher when accounting for deaths in which heat was reported as a contributing factor.
The rate is accelerating in many locations along the East and Gulf coasts.
However, shifting weather patterns have caused certain areas, such as the American Southwest, to experience less precipitation than usual.In recent years, a higher percentage of precipitation in the United States has come in the form of intense single-day events.
The length of ragweed pollen season has increased at 10 out of 11 locations studied in the central United States and Canada since 1995. It may be helpful to think about the difference between weather and climate with an analogy: weather influences what clothes you wear on a given day, while the climate where you live influences the entire wardrobe you buy. Climate is just one of many important factors that influence the transmission, distribution, and incidence of Lyme disease; however, studies provide evidence that climate change has contributed to the expanded range of ticks, 3 increasing the potential risk of Lyme disease, such as in areas of Canada where the ticks were previously unable to survive. For example, the eastern United States experienced a cold and snowy winter in 2014/2015, but this short-term regional weather phenomenon does not negate the long-term rise in national and global temperatures, sea level, or other climate indicators. Emissions of carbon dioxide, which account for about three-fourths of total emissions, increased by 42 percent over this period.Data sources: World Resources Institute, 2014; Food and Agriculture Organization, 2014Historical measurements show that the current global atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide are unprecedented compared with the past 800,000 years. This section of the report helps to illustrate how climate change can affect human health, and demonstrates how EPA’s climate change indicators advance the dialogue in connecting climate change and human health. More extreme variations in weather are also a threat to society. From 1990 to 2015, the total warming effect from greenhouse gases added by humans to the Earth’s atmosphere increased by 37 percent. The March 2016 maximum extent of Arctic sea ice remained virtually unchanged from last year’s record low. Almost all of this increase is attributable to human activities.Climate forcing refers to a change in the Earth’s energy balance, leading to either a warming or cooling effect. For example, American lobster, red hake, and black sea bass in the Northeast have moved northward by an average of 119 miles.Leaf growth and flower blooms are examples of natural events whose timing can be influenced by climate change.
Since 1901, precipitation has increased at an average rate of 0.17 inches per decade in the contiguous 48 states and 0.08 inches per decade worldwide. Ocean heat content not only determines sea surface temperature, but also affects sea level and currents.Data sources: CSIRO, 2016; MRI/JMA, 2016; NOAA, 2016Ocean surface temperatures increased around the world during the 20When averaged over all of the world’s oceans, sea level has risen at a rate of roughly six-tenths of an inch per decade since 1880. Within the United States, temperatures in parts of the North, the West, and Alaska have increased the most.Many extreme temperature conditions are becoming more common.
Over the last 75 years, minimum, maximum, and average flows have changed in many parts of the country—some higher, some lower. The incidence of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease in the United States has varied widely from year to year and among geographic regions since tracking began in 2002. The warming effect associated with carbon dioxide alone increased by 30 percent.Average temperatures have risen across the contiguous 48 states since 1901, with an increased rate of warming over the past 30 years. This chapter focuses on observed changes in temperature, precipitation, storms, floods, and droughts.Long-term changes in climate can directly or indirectly affect many aspects of society in potentially disruptive ways. Leaf and bloom events are generally happening earlier throughout the North and West but later in much of the South. Long-term studies have found that bird species in North America have shifted their wintering grounds northward by an average of more than 40 miles since 1966, with several species shifting by hundreds of miles.In conjunction with warming ocean waters, the average center of biomass for 105 marine fish and invertebrate species along U.S. coasts shifted northward by about 10 miles between 1982 and 2015.
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